With Order No. 27610 of October 24, 2024, the Italian Supreme Court ruled that a dismissal for cause was lawful in the case of an employee accused of repeatedly abusing work breaks by spending excessive time at a bar with colleagues.
The Case Overview
The legal proceedings originated from the dismissal of an employee for cause following repeated unexcused absences. An investigative agency documented three instances where the employee spent over 30 minutes engaging in conversations with colleagues near a bar during work breaks.
Initially, the Court of First Instance acknowledged the facts but deemed the dismissal disproportionate, awarding compensatory damages instead. However, the Court of Appeal in Catanzaro reversed this decision, affirming the dismissal’s legitimacy. The appellate court highlighted that the employee’s extended absences were not mere physiological necessities but constituted improper use of work time.
The court also emphasized the heightened severity of these breaches due to the employee’s senior role, which involved significant responsibilities and coordination of workers in a critical sector—waste collection. These actions, the court noted, could undermine public perception and trust in the service. Furthermore, it ruled that the behavior had potential criminal implications or could deceive the employer, harming both the company’s assets and its external reputation.
Supreme Court Findings
The Supreme Court upheld the employer’s right to protect its reputation, particularly in public-facing sectors like waste management, where public trust directly affects service effectiveness. It reaffirmed the importance of the company’s image as a key asset.
The court also clarified the limits of using private investigators, prohibiting indiscriminate monitoring of job performance. However, it acknowledged the employer’s right to engage investigators when there is suspicion or evidence of unlawful activities by an employee.
Finally, the court broadened the concept of “company assets” to include not only tangible assets but also the company’s external image.
Read the full article on Norme e Tributi Plus Lavoro del Il Sole 24 Ore.
